关于经验基础问题及其他质疑的回应

A Response to the Problem of Experience Grounds and Other Questions

批判的语境经验主义在经验内容上关注构成证据相关性的基础,它通过共同体的批评性互动来建构一种动态而可靠的语境及其规范。朗基诺指出理性和社会二分是对知识概念的误解导致的,而批判的语境经验主义规范来自科学自身的形象。与认知科学中的生成主义进路比较看,批判的语境经验主义主要思考科学探究的过程,它关乎作为公共知识的科学。批判的语境经验主义和实践实在论都拒绝上帝之眼的可能,但在形而上学和规范性问题上两者依然存在差别。

Critical contextual empiricism emphasizes the ground of evidential relevance of empirical content.It appeals to some certain dynamic and reliable background assumption between data and hypotheses.And it also gives four social norms through considering the critical interactions between/in communities.Longino points out that the dichotomy of“rational-social”is caused by misunderstanding of the concept of knowledge,and that the four social norms come from the image of science itself.Compared with the enactivism approach in cognitive science,critical contextual empiricism mainly focuses on the process of scientific inquiry,which is related to science about public knowledge.As realism,both critical contextual empiricism and practical realism reject the possibility of the eye of god,but there are still differences on metaphysics and normative issues.