中国近代书目分类的创始之作——《译书事略》略论

The Creation of Modern Bibliographic Classification in China——A Brief Discussion of Yi Shu Shi Lüe

《译书事略》以江南制造总局翻译馆译、刊的西学书籍为对象,基于西方学科化原则进行分类,是我国西书独立编目的前驱,也是我国近代书目分类的创始之作。而姚名达基于民族主义立场的近代书目史书写,掩盖了其导夫先路的历史地位。《译书事略》所收西书包括中国人的汉文西学文献,并非蔡元培所云"译书之目";该目据实而录,形成客观的书目清单,亦不具备蔡元培所云"导读"的性质。《西学书目表》以降的西学书目虽承绪《译书事略》,但又因秉持中国传统书目的导读旨趣而另有精进。

Yi Shu Shi Lüe, taking Western learning books translated and published by Translation Center of Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau as the object, and on the basis of Western disciplinary classification principle, was not only the forerunner of independent cataloguing of Western books in China, but also the creation of bibliographic classification in modern China. Based on nationalist standpoint, Yao Mingda s modern bibliographic history writing concealed his historical position as a pioneer. The Western books collected in Yi Shu Shi Lü e, including Chinese and Western literature, are not the “bibliography of translated books” as Cai Yuanpei said. The book is actually recorded, forming an objective bibliographic list, neither does it possess the nature of “guiding reading” as Cai Yuanpei said. Although the Western learning of the List of Western Learning Bibliography is the inheritance of Yi Shu Shi Lüe , there is another reason for being more advanced because of adhering to the guiding purport of traditional Chinese bibliography.