产业集聚视角下中国石斑鱼养殖产业发展趋势分析

Analysis on the development trend of grouper breeding industry in China from the perspective of industrial agglomeration

随着石斑鱼繁育技术的突破、消费市场的开拓,作为海水养殖"第四次浪潮"的主角之一的石斑鱼近些年养殖产量日益增长。研究其产业发展规律,有助于促进产业的健康发展。文章以我国石斑鱼养殖产业为研究对象,采用区位熵和空间基尼系数法,对2007-2016年沿海地区石斑鱼养殖集聚程度进行测算,结果表明:我国石斑鱼养殖业在南方沿海省份地区表现出较明显的产业集聚特征,主要集中于广东、福建和海南三省。虽然北方受到自然条件限制,但随着工厂化养殖等现代养殖技术的进步,天津等地呈现扬升态势。鉴于天津等地开辟石斑鱼供给市场可减少南鱼北运的成本。因此,北方应加大石斑鱼养殖的投入力度,发挥石斑鱼市场结构优化效应。

With the breakthrough of grouper breeding technology and the development of the consumer market, as one of the main characters of the 'fourth wave' of seawater aquaculture, grouper’s production has been increasing in recent years. Research for the law of industrial development is helpful for promoting the healthy development of industry. This paper took China’s grouper aquaculture industry as the research object, using the location entropy and spatial gini coefficient method to measure coastal areas’ grouper aquaculture agglomeration degree for the period from 2007 to 2016. The results show that China’s grouper aquaculture showed relatively clear characteristics of industrial cluster in the southern coastal provinces, mainly concentrated in Guangdong, Fujian and Hainan. In spite of the fact that northern areas are restricted by natural conditions, with the progressive modern aquaculture technology for factory farming, Tianjin and other northern places are experiencing a rising trend of grouper aquaculture. Moreover, the opening of grouper supply market in Tianjin and other northern places can reduce the cost of grouper’s transportation fee from its southern farming area to the northern market. Therefore, the northern areas should increase the investment towards grouper farming to give a full play to the effect of grouper market structure optimization.