贵州省安龙县褐家鼠种群数量及繁殖特征变化分析

Analysis Variation of Population Quantity and Reproductive Characteristics of Rattus Norvegicus in Anlong Guizhou

对1994-2017年贵州省安龙县褐家鼠种群数量消长动态和种群繁殖特征变化规律进行研究,结果表明:总平均捕获率为0. 62%,其中,住宅总平均捕获率为1. 23%,稻田、旱地总平均捕获率为0. 31%,一年中在6月出现1个种群数量高峰期,平均捕获率为1. 17%。褐家鼠一年四季都可繁殖,3～10月为主要繁殖期,每年在4-5月和10月出现2个种群繁殖高峰期,平均怀孕率为68. 63%～65. 85%和62. 16%,多年平均怀孕率为49. 46%,平均胎仔数为5. 61只,平均睾丸下降率为62. 19%,平均繁殖指数1. 43。种群繁殖特征年际变化差异不显著,不同月份、不同季节种群繁殖特征变化差异显著。每年5月和10月为褐家鼠的最佳防治时期。

The population dynamics and reproductive characteristics of Rattus norvegicus in Anlong County of Guizhou Province from 1994 to 2017 were studied.The results showed that the total average capture rate was 0.62%.The average capture rate of residential area was 1.23%.The average capture rate of paddy field and dry land was 0.31%.There was a peak of population number in June of a year with an average capture rate of 1.17%.Rattus norvegicus can reproduce all the year round.The main reproductive period is from March to October.There are two reproductive peaks in April to May and October each year.The average pregnant rate is 68.63%-65.85%and 62.16%,the average pregnant rate is 49.46%,the average litter number is 5.61,the average testicular descent rate is 62.19%,and the average reproductive index is 1.43.The interannual variation of population reproductive characteristics was not significant,but the variation of population reproductive characteristics was significant in different months and seasons.May and October are the best time to control Rattus norvegicus.