Janus纳米材料可控制备的研究进展

Progress on Controllable Preparation of Janus Nanomaterials

Janus纳米材料是指同一结构中含有2种不同化学组成或不同极性的非对称结构,尺寸一般为纳米级或微米级的各向异性结构材料,主要是通过化学改性或其他相互作用有序组装而形成。由于其特殊的结构和表面性能,可作为Pickering乳化剂、增溶剂、催化剂等而备受关注。文中归纳了Janus纳米材料的可控制备方法及特点和适用范围,包括:拓扑选择表面改性、诱导相分离、自组装和微流体技术等,并就Janus粒子的特殊结构带来的性能尤其是两亲性和界面增容性做以简述,最后就Janus纳米材料的发展提出了建议。

Janus nanomaterials with asymmetric structure contain two kinds of different chemical composition or different polarity,and size is nanometer or micrometer. Janus nanomaterials mainly are prepared by chemical modification or orderly assembling. Janus nanomaterials have gained growing interest in many fields over the past few years,such as solid emulsion stabilizers,solvent and catalyst because of its special structure and surface properties. This review summarized controllable preparation methods of Janus nanomaterials and the characteristics and applicable scope of these methods. These methods are surface modification, phase separation, self-assembly and microfluidic technology. And the special properties of Janus particles,especially their amphiphilic properties and interface compatibilization were briefly described. Finally, authors put forward their own proposals for the development of Janus nanomaterials.