山茶属植物皂苷类成分及其药理活性研究进展

Advances in Research on Saponins and their Pharmacological Activities of Camellia

山茶皂苷是一类普遍存在于山茶、茶、油茶等山茶属药用植物体内并具有重要生物活性的天然次生代谢产物,齐墩果烷型三萜皂苷是其中最主要的特征代谢产物,现已从山茶属植物的花、叶及种子中分离和鉴定了113种皂苷。这些天然产物由于其各种生物学和药理学活性而受到关注,包括调节胃肠系统,抗癌,抗炎,抗菌,抗氧化,抗过敏,神经保护,降血糖,降血脂等作用。这些化合物在医学,农业,工业和环境保护上具有很好的应用前景,我们在系统搜集整理相关文献报道的基础上,对山茶属植物的皂苷类成分以及药理活性进行了综述。

Camellia saponins are a kind of natural secondary metabolites which are ubiquitously found in medicinal plants of Camellia,such as Camellia,tea and Camellia,and have important biological activities.Oleanolic saponins are the most important characteristic metabolites.113 saponins have been isolated and identified from the flowers,leaves and seeds of Camellia plants.These natural products have attracted attention due to their various biological and pharmacological activities,including regulation of the gastrointestinal system,anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,anti-oxidant,anti-allergic,neuroprotective,hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic.These compounds have good application prospects in medicine,agriculture,industry and environmental protection.This paper reviews the saponin components and pharmacological activities of Camellia plants.