从原初神道到国家神道——兼论神道教对日本国民性的塑造

From Ancient to State Shinto:On How Shintoism Shaped Japanese National Character

神道教是日本本土宗教,其创世神话与天皇制度紧密结合,对日本文化与民族性格产生了巨大影响。本文回顾了神道教的发展历程,通过分析其在历史不同阶段形成的信仰与道德准则,发掘神道教对日本国民性的塑造过程。原初神道奠定了生产力崇拜和神国信仰两条主线;而后受外来宗教影响,形成了独特的神国信仰与"忠孝一本"道德体系教义;近代民族国家兴起,神国信仰被军国主义叠加成为"国家神道";二战后,脱离军国主义包裹的神道教日趋回到原质。

Shinto is a native religion in Japan where Shinto mythology is closely integrated into Mikado with a strong influence on Japanese culture and Japanese national character.This paper reviews the development of Shinto to explore how Shintoism shaped Japanese national character by analyzing the beliefs and moral standards in Shinto history.In the origin where two lines were established:the worship of the productive forces and the belief in holy country.During Kofun period,influenced by foreign religions,Shinto formed unique doctrine and moral system of integration of loyal and filial piety.At the end of Edo Period,with the rise of modern nation,the belief in holy country and militarism was mixed wth State Shinto.After World War II,Shinto got rid of militarism and went back to its origin.