中国省域旅游产业与人居环境耦合关系及其障碍因子研究

Research on the Coupling Relationship and Its Obstacle Factors between Provincial Tourism Industry and Human Settlement in China

运用耦合协调度和障碍度模型,厘清2016年中国省域旅游产业与人居环境耦合关系及障碍因子。结果显示:(1)旅游产业发展呈现空间非均衡性,由东部沿海向西部内陆递减,旅游资源要素是主要动力,人居环境水平整体较高且空间差异不大,北京人居环境水平最高,西藏最低,居住环境是主要动力。(2)旅游产业与人居环境大多处于拮抗耦合阶段,非同步性特征明显,山东耦合度最高,宁夏耦合度最低,两者协调度整体不高,以濒临失调类型为主,广东协调度最高,西藏协调度最低。(3)影响旅游产业与人居环境协调发展的单项指标障碍因子方面,人居环境指标的障碍度高于旅游产业指标的障碍度,子系统障碍因子方面,障碍度大小排序依次为基础设施环境>生态环境>社会经济环境>居住环境>旅游资源要素>旅游人力资源>旅游市场规模。

In this article,the coupling coordination degree model and obstacle degree model are used to calculate the coupling relationship and its obstacle factors between tourism industry and human settlement of 31 provincial units in China in 2016.The results show that:(1)The development of tourism industry presents spatial disequilibrium,decreasing from the east coast to the inland of the west.The Tourism resource element is the main motive force.The level of human settlement is higher and the spatial difference is not large,the level of living environment in Beijing is the highest,and Tibet,the lowest.The living environment is the main motive force.(2)The tourism industry and the human settlement are mostly in the phase of antagonistic coupling,the characteristics of non-synchronization are obvious.The coupling degree in Shandong is the highest,and the coupling degree in Ningxia is the lowest.The coordination degree is not high,and the coordination degree in Guangdong is the most,the coordination degree in Tibet is the lowest.(3)In terms of the obstacle factors affecting the coordinated development between tourism industry and human settlement,the obstacle degree of the human settlement index is higher than the obstacle of the tourism industry index.In the aspect of sub-system obstacle factors,the order of the size of obstacle degree is infrastructure environment >ecological environment >social economic environment >living environment >elements of tourism resources >tourism human resources >tourism market scale.