肥大细胞非IgE途径活化新型受体mas相关G蛋白偶联受体X2的研究进展

Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2:a novel receptor for non-IgE-dependent activation of mast cells

肥大细胞(MC)是炎症及变态反应的主要参与者,启动了早期对外来侵袭物的防御反应。除了表达高亲和力IgE受体外,肥大细胞膜表面还表达大量的G蛋白偶联受体(GPCRs)。多项研究表明,P物质为代表的阳离子小分子及许多肽能类药物可以通过一种新型G蛋白偶联受体MrgprX2(Mas-related G protein coupled receptor X2)诱导肥大细胞脱颗粒。MrgprX2在变态反应、瘙痒、假性药敏方面扮演了重要的角色,这将有助于解释部分临床上肥大细胞经典IgE活化途径难以解释的现象,并为MC介导的相关疾病提供了潜在的治疗靶点。

Mast cells(MC),a major participant in inflammation and allergy,can initiate an early defense response to foreign invaders.Besides expressing high-affinity IgE receptor,MC also expresse a large number of G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs).Various studies have shown that cationic micromolecules represented by substance P and many peptidergic drugs can induce MC degranulation through a novel receptor,Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2(MrgprX2).MrgprX2 plays an important role in allergy,itching and pseudo-allergic drug reactions.It will help explain some clinical difficulties which can not be explained by classical IgE-dependent activation of MC,and provides potential therapeutic targets for MC-mediated diseases.