民居型景区空间分布特征及影响因素研究——以山西大院民居为例

Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of residential scenic spots: Cases of courtyard scenic spots in Shanxi Province

民居大院景区是人文景观中最主要的组成部分。以山西省136个"山西大院名居型景区"为研究对象,通过谷歌地球(Google Earth)、百度地图确定坐标基本地理信息。运用Arcgis10. 3空间分析法进行可视化表达,分析山西大院景区的空间分布格局及影响因素。结果表明:(1)山西11个地市的136个大院景区整体空间分布上呈现较均匀状态。(2)山西大院景区存在较为明显的空间差异,形成七个明显密度集聚中心与两个密度集聚区域,整体分布方向将沿东北—西南方向布局。(3)市域分布不均衡,呈现集中于以晋中、晋城为依托的周边地区。(4)高程空间格局显示,74. 26%的大院景区海拔高度在1 500 m～2 500 m范围中,海拔从宏观上影响大院景区的总体空间格局。(5)大院景区整体距河流平均距离为2. 3 km,且具有沿河流走势分布的特征。(6)大院景区分布具有倾向城市格局,表现为中心—外围逐渐递减的特点。

Taking 136 courtyard scenic spots in Shanxi Province,China as the research objects,this study used GIS spatial analysis to comprehensively analyze their distribution pattern and influencing factors. The geometric center coordinates of 136 courtyard scenic spots were collected to quantitatively analyze the spatial distribution patterns of the compound scenic spots via nuclear density estimation method,standard deviation ellipse,and spatial"hot spot analysis"method,and qualitatively analyze the influencing factors of the distribution pattern. The results indicated that the spatial distribution of the 136 scenic spots in 11 cities in Shanxi Province is congregate,but there are obvious spatial differences in the courtyard scenic spots because the distribution of the cities is uneven and the altitude affects the overall spatial pattern of the scenic spots from a macro perspective,which make the distribution of the compound scenic spots tend to be developed along the river and relying on the city. All above will provide new ideas for the future research on the pattern of famous scenic spots in Shanxi Province,which will be better for reasonably developing the residential scenic spots of Shanxi in the space layout,and scientifically promote the upgrading and transformation of the tourism industry of Shanxi in the future.