光绪国史续修文苑传纂修考略

Research on the Compilation of Literati Biographies Sequel by Qing National History Bureau during the Reign of Guangxu

台北"故宫博物院"藏光绪中期国史馆《续文苑底稿》四卷,目录共载219人,正传75人、附传144人,是自道光朝后第四次大修国史文苑传,入传人物与此前稿本截然不同。《续文苑底稿》与总纂谭宗浚《拟续修儒林文苑条例》大体相符,原稿由缪荃孙于光绪十四年完成奏付史馆。该本展现光绪前期对上至顺治共九朝文坛正统的确定,编纂过程几经人事变动,纂修宗旨回归嘉庆时所定本源"文教覃敷、宜裒事迹、垂示将来",纂修条例接续阮元,但将传主籍贯从大江南北及两浙山左诸行省扩展到边徼各省,从注重"文词"转向对"经术"与"实学"的提倡。稿本后来成为光绪末年陈伯陶所修《国史文苑传》、清史馆《文学传》及《文苑传》的底本,在清代文学史、国史馆、缪荃孙研究等方面具有史料价值。

The four-volume Literati Biographies Sequel Manuscript during the reign of Guangxu is now preserved in the Taipei Palace Museum.It covers 219 literati and include 75 formal biographies and 144 auxiliary biographies,demonstrating the orthodox literature world from the reign of Shunzhi to the early reign of Guangxu.The literati entries are entirely different from those of the prior three versions.The original Sequel submitted to the National History Bureau by Miao Quansun in 1888 closely matches the Drafted Regulations of Literati and Scholars Biographies Sequels by Tan Zongjun.The compiling officials changed constantly until Tan and Miao.According to the Regulations,the compiling aim is to"spread culture education,collect model deeds,and forecast the future",which is identical with the goal established during the reign of Jiaqing.The Regulations by Tan continue the Regulations by Ruan Yuan and some historical regulations in biography writing.Comparing with the former versions,the Regulations and the Sequel not only expand the coverage of literati to frontier provinces,but also advocate Confucian Classics Studies and Practical Knowledge Studies instead of the emphasis of Literature Expressions.The Sequel became the original copy of later versions-Literati Biographies by Chen Botao in the later reign of Guangxu and the other two versions by Qing Shi Guan during the Republic of China.Therefore,the Sequel is valuable in the studies of Qing literature history,the Qing National History Bureau and Miao Quansun as historical materials.