浙江古田山珍稀植物紫茎群落的组成与结构特征

Community Composition and Structural Feature of Stewartia sinensis,a Rare and Endangered Plant Species,in Gutian Mountain,Zhejiang

为更好地了解古田山紫茎(Stewartia sinensis)群落的基本现状,为古田山紫茎群落的动态研究和保护策略制订提供参考依据,参照中国森林生物多样性监测网(CForBio)的标准,在浙江古田山自然保护区选择3个具有代表性的固定样地,调查分析紫茎群落的基本组成及其结构特征。结果表明:1)紫茎群落中的维管植物种类有36科、59属、79种,相对较多的有蔷薇科、山茶科、樟科、杜鹃花科和壳斗科等植物;2)种子植物属一级地理区系成分共有8个类型,其中热带和温带分布分别占总属数的45.28%和54.72%;3)古田山紫茎群落主要属于常绿落叶阔叶混交林,少数属于针阔混交林,垂直结构分层较为明显,乔木层优势种主要有黄山松、短柄枹、紫茎等,灌木层优势物种主要有阔叶箬竹、映山红等,草本层主要物种有阔鳞鳞毛蕨和苔草属等,层间植物有络石、清风藤及菝葜等;4)各层次物种多样性综合表现为乔木层>草本层>灌木层;5)古田山紫茎群落整体更新良好,表现出一定的稳定性,但古田山紫茎种群更新总体上呈衰退趋势,需进一步加强保护。

The basic composition and structural feature of Stewartia sinensis community were analyzed by investigating three representative permanent sample plots in Gutian Mountain Nature Reserve,Zhejiang according to the criteria of China Forest Biodiversity Monitoring Network(CForBio)to further understand the basic status of S.sinensis community in Gutian Mountain and to provide a reference for dynamic study and protection strategy formulation of S.sinensis community in Gutian Mountain.Result:1)There are 79 vascular plant species,59 genera,36 families in S.sinensis community.Rosaceae,Theaceae,Lauraceae,Ericaceae and Fagaceae are main families.2)There are 8 types in floristic geographical elements of seed plants genera.The genera distributed in tropical zone and temperate zone account for 45.28%and 54.72%of total genera respectively.3)The S.sinensis community belongs to evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest mainly and a few belongs to coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest.The vertical structure layers are relatively obvious.The dominant species at arborous layer are Pinus taiwanensis,Quercus glandulifera and Stewartia sinensis.The main species at shrub layer are Indocalamus latifolius and Rhododendron simsii.The main species at herb layer are Dryopteris championii and Carex sp.There are Trachelospermum jasminoides,Sabia japonica var.japonica and Smilax china between interlayers.4)The comprehensive performance of species diversity at different layers is arborous layer >herb layer >shrub layer.5)The overall performance of S.sinensis community is of the certain stability but the renewal of S.sinensis community shows a recession trend in Gutian Mountain as a whole.Therefore,the S.sinensis community should be further protected in Gutian Mountain.