国外技术性贸易措施对我国农产品出口的影响——以我国苹果及大蒜出口为例

The Effect of Foreign Technical Measures on the Export of Chinese Agricultural Products——Based on the Export of Chinese Apples and Garlic

技术性贸易措施正逐步取代关税和配额,成为我国加入WTO后农产品出口面临的主要障碍。以我国苹果及大蒜出口为例,以国外农药最大残留限量标准作为技术性贸易措施的量化指标,利用HMR两阶段模型研究国外技术性贸易措施对我国农产品出口的影响。研究表明:国外农药最大残留限量标准对我国苹果及大蒜的出口概率有显著的抑制作用,对我国苹果的出口贸易量也有显著的抑制作用。具体而言,与发达国家相比,发展中国家的农药最大残留限量标准更为显著地抑制了我国苹果及大蒜的出口概率;与发展中国家相比,发达国家的农药最大残留限量标准则更为显著地抑制了我国苹果及大蒜的出口贸易量。

Since China joined WTO,the foreign technical measures,replaced tariff and quota,have become the major barrier for the exports of Chinese agricultural products.Taking apples and garlic for example and the maximum residue limit(MRL)standard as a proxy variable for the technical measures,this paper studied the impact of foreign technical measures on exports of Chinese agricultural products based on the HMR two-stage model.The empirical results show that the foreign MRL standards impose a significant inhibiting effect on the export possibility of apples and garlic,and the export volumes of apples also suffer from it.More precisely,compared with the developed countries,the MRL standards for the developing countries inhibit the export possibility of Chinese apples and garlic in a more obvious way;compared with the developing countries,the MRL standards for the developed countries significantly inhibit the export volumes.