402例过敏性皮肤病斑贴试验结果分析

The analysis of patch test on 402 cases of allergic dermatitis patients

目的分析过敏性皮肤病斑贴试验的结果及临床意义。方法对本科门诊确诊的402例过敏性皮肤病患者进行斑贴试验,并对结果作统计学分析。结果斑贴试验总阳性率57.5%,阳性率居前5位的变应原依次为:硫酸镍(33.1%)、白降汞(21.6%)、香料Ⅱ(10.2%)、重铬酸钾(5.7%)、橡胶Ⅳ(5.5%)。按照年龄分组,斑贴试验阳性数分布最高的是(31～40)岁组。结论硫酸镍、白降汞、香料Ⅱ、重铬酸钾、橡胶Ⅳ是本地区过敏性皮肤病的常见变应原,按年龄分组斑贴试验阳性数统计学差异有意义,斑贴试验对过敏性皮肤病寻找致敏原及防治具有重要的参考价值。

Objective To study the results of the patch test on allergic dermatitis patients and clinical significance of the test results.Methods Patch test was performed on 402 patients with allergic dermatosis diagnosed in our outpatient department,and the test results were analyzed with statistics.Results The total positive rate of patch test was 57.5%.The five allergens,which showed the highest rate of positive result,in order were Nickel sulfate(33.1%),Ammoniated mercury(21.6%),SpicesⅡ(10.2%),Potassium dichromate(5.7%),and RubberⅣ(5.5%).According to the age group,the highest distribution of positive number of patch test was the fourth group(31~40)years old.Conclusion Nickel sulfate,Ammoniated mercury,SpicesⅡ,Potassium dichromate,and RubberⅣwere common allergens of allergic dermatitis in this region.There were statistically significant differences in the number of positive patch test by age group.Patch test has important reference value for allergen detection and prevention of allergic dermatosis.