支气管镜肺泡灌洗治疗幼儿重症肺炎支原体肺炎的疗效观察及肺功能的变化特点

Observation of the efficacy of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage for severe mycoplasmal pneumonia in children and the changes in lung function

目的探讨支气管镜肺泡灌洗术在治疗幼儿重症肺炎支原体肺炎过程中的应用价值以及肺功能的变化特点。方法收集住院诊断为重症肺炎支原体肺炎的患儿46例,根据在规范抗支原体感染及免疫调节治疗的基础上是否行支气管镜肺泡灌洗分为治疗组(20例)和对照组(26例),收集同期诊断为非重症的肺炎支原体肺炎患儿50例为非重症组,行肺功能检查;记录各组患儿经治疗后发热及咳嗽平均的天数;对重症肺炎支原体肺炎治疗组和对照组按照疗效评定进行疗效评定。结果治疗1周后治疗组大气道通气功能、小气道通气功能较对照组的改善明显,二者差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。治疗组患儿平均热程较对照组短,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);经治疗1周后治疗组患儿的胸片好转率(25%)较对照组(11.5%)高,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。两组患儿总有效率的比较,治疗组的有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论支气管镜灌洗辅助治疗重症肺炎支原体肺炎效果明显,对快速改善气道通气功能作用明显。

Objective To explore the application value of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage for severe mycoplasmal pneumonia in children and the changes in lung function.Methods A total of 46 children with severe pneumoniae pneumonia were enrolled.Participants who received bronchoscopic alveolar lavage were divided into treatment group(n=20)and control group(n=26).Children with non-severe mycoplasmal pneumonia were collected as nonsevere group(n=50).Pulmonary function tests were performed.The average number of days of fever and cough after treatment was recorded for each group.The efficacy of treatment group and control group was evaluated.Results After 1 week treatment,the airway ventilation function and small airway ventilation function of the treatment group were significantly improved compared with the control group(P﹤0.05).The average heat history of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group(P﹤0.05).After 1 week treatment,there was significant difference(P﹤0.05)in the improvement rate of chest radiographs between the treatment group(25%)and the control group(11.5%).The total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P﹤0.05).Conclusions Bronchoscopic alveolar lavage significantly improves severe mycoplasmal pneumonia.