叙事医学在全科医学生人文教育中的应用与启示

Application and Enlightenment of Narrative Medicine in Humanistic Education of General Medical Students

近年来,西方"叙事医学"理论蓬勃发展,对我国医学人文教育有着重要的启示意义。某医学院以"叙事医学"为切入点,在构建全科医学生人文教育体系方面做了一些初步探索:首先,在基础课程学习阶段,按照主题单元精选医学文学作品,培养学生的文本细读和感悟能力;其次,在临床课间见习阶段,组建叙事分析小组,引导学生对医疗案例作伦理情境的叙事学分析;第三,在生产实习阶段,招募志愿者对医学实践开展反思性写作。在后续调查中可以看出,借助"叙事医学"理论对全科医学生进行人文教育符合医学发展大方向,但仍需进一步加强医学文学课程教学素材和考核形式的挖掘、叙事实践课程体系的构建以及师资队伍的建设。

In recent years, the western theory of “narrative medicine” has developed vigorously, which has important enlightenment significance for medical humanities education in China. This article summarizes the preliminary exploration made by a medical college in the construction of humanistic education system for general practitioners from the point of “narrative medicine”.Firstly, in the learning stage of basic courses, medical literary works are selected according to thematic units to cultivate students’ability of close reading and perception of texts. Secondly, during the clinical internship stage, a narrative analysis group was set up to guide students to make narrative analysis of ethical situations of medical cases.Thirdly, during the production practice stage, volunteers were recruited to carry out reflective writing on medical practice.In the follow-up investigation, it can be seen that humanistic education for general practitioners with the help of “narrative medicine” theory is in line with the general direction of medical development.However, it still needs to further strengthen the excavation of teaching materials and assessment forms of medical literature courses, the construction of the curriculum system of narrative practice and the construction of teachers.