PVP-Cu_2O微胶囊防污涂料的制备及性能研究

Preparation and Properties of PVP-Cu_2O Microcapsule Antifouling Coating

目的合成一种氧化亚铜微胶囊,以其为防污剂制备防污涂料,并进行性能研究。方法利用亚硫酸钠还原-单凝聚法合成聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-氧化亚铜(PVP-Cu_2O)微胶囊,并利用电镜测试和红外光谱对微胶囊的结构组成和包覆效果进行了验证。以合成的微胶囊为防污剂,PU/EP改性树脂为基体,制备了防污涂料试样,对涂料试样的涂层硬度、抗冲击性、拉伸强度、剪切强度、吸水性能、释放性能等进行了测试表征,探究防污剂的种类和用量对防污涂料各方面性能的影响。对遴选的优异配方涂料进行浅海挂板防污试验,探究其实海防污性能。结果实验成功合成出了PVP-Cu_2O微胶囊,与使用普通Cu_2O作为防污剂的涂料试样相比,使用PVP-Cu_2O微胶囊的涂料试样涂层硬度、抗冲击性、拉伸强度、剪切强度、吸水率和缓释效果等性能均有了较大幅度的提升和改善。当PVP-Cu_2O用量增加至35 phr时,微胶囊对防污涂料性能改善效果有一定程度的减弱,综合考虑涂料试样的各方面性能,确定PVP-Cu_2O用量以15 phr为宜。浅海挂板防污试验证明:用量仅为15phr的微胶囊涂料达到了与商品防污涂料基本相当的防污效果。结论 PVP-Cu_2O微胶囊防污涂料可以在实现防污涂料的环保化、节能化和长效化方面起到十分积极的作用。

The work aims to synthesize the cuprous oxide microcapsule,so as to prepare an antifouling coating for pollution prevention and conduct performance research.The PVP-Cu2O microcapsules were synthesized by sodium sulfite reduction-single coacervation.The structure and coating effect of the microcapsules were verified by SEM and FT-IR.The antifouling coating samples were prepared by using the synthesized microcapsule as the antifouling agent and the PU/EP modified resin as the matrix.The hardness,impact resistance,tensile strength,shear strength,water absorption performance and release properties of these coating samples were tested and characterized,and the effects of the type and amount of the antifouling agent on antifouling coating properties were investigated.Testing antifouling panels in shallow submergence was carried out on the selected excellent formula paint to explore the antifouling performance in the sea.The PVP-Cu2O microcapsules were successfully synthesized in the experiment.Compared with the coating samples with ordinary Cu2O as the antifouling agent,the hardness,impact resistance,tensile strength and shear strength,water absorption and sustained release of the coating samples with PVP-Cu2O microcapsules were greatly improved.When the amount of PVP-Cu2O was increased to 35 phr,the effect of microcapsules on the performance improvement of antifouling coatings was somewhat reduced.Considering the performance of various aspects of the coating samples,the proper amount of PVP-Cu2O was determined to be 15 phr.Testing antifouling panels in shallow submergence showed that the microcapsule coating with a dosage of only 15 phr achieved an antifouling effect substantially equivalent to that of the commercial antifouling coating.Therefore,the PVP-Cu2O microcapsule antifouling coating can play a very positive role in achieving environmental protection,energy saving and long-term effect of antifouling coatings.