美国早期学习标准中音乐与动作部分的内容分析与启示

Analysisand Enlightenments of Early Learning Standards in Music and Movement in USA

美国早期学习标准(以下简称《标准》)是世界范围早期教育行业专业化的典范,通过对美国艺术领域《标准》中音乐和动作部分的内容分析,可概括出早期儿童音乐与动作部分的主要指标与内容,包括:参与和探索多种音乐活动、音乐与动作活动中的回应、通过音乐与动作进行创造性表现和情感表达、理解和欣赏音乐与舞蹈四大分析类目。美国《标准》中对各种乐器探索的关注、对参与歌唱活动而非唱准音调的强调、对舞蹈和创造性动作方面指标的突出、对幼儿回应音乐元素过程的重视,为我国日后艺术领域课程标准的修订提供了一定的启示。

The American Early Learning Standards(The Standards for short)are the model of the professionalization of early education worldwide.By analyzing the contents related to music and movement in The Standard,major indicators can be summarized,including participation in and exploration of various musical activities,response in music and movement activities,creative and emotional expression through music and movements,understanding and appreciation of music and dance.The Standard puts emphasis on the exploration of various musical instruments,participation in singing activities rather than tonality,dance and creative movement,and process of children’s response to musical elements,which give some enlightenments to curricular standards’revise of art in China.