有氧运动对智力障碍学生体适能影响研究

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Physical Fitness of Students with Mental Retardation

目的为探讨持续中低强度运动介入对智力障碍学生身体适能的影响,旨为智力障碍照护者及相关单位提供健康照护的参考。方法采用实验研究法,以重庆铜梁区特殊教育学校的重度智力障碍学生为研究对象,随机分成训练组及控制组各13人,训练组进行12周中低强度运动,每次介入35 min,控制组受试者则未进行任何形式的介入。收集受试者于运动介入前、后的身体适能等评估项目数据,并使用独立样本T检验和配对样本T检验进行相关统计分析。结果训练组受试者身体组成、柔软度、腿部肌力及心肺适能于12周运动介入后皆较运动介入前显著改善,且部分柔软度、腿部肌力及心肺适能的检测项目与控制组差异呈非常显著。结论在合适的运动场所进行符合智力障碍学生个体情况的规律且持续的运动,能有效改善其柔软度、腿部肌力及心肺适能。

Objective To explore the effect of continuous low and medium intensity exercise intervention on physical fitness of mental retardation students,and to provide reference for mental retardation caregivers and related units in health care. Methods experimental study was performed on students with severe mental retardation from special education school in Tongliang district of Chongqing province, 26 students were randomly divided into a training group and a control group. Data of subjects' physical fitness before and after exercise intervention were collected, and related statistical analysis was conducted using independent samples t-test and paired samples t-test. Results The body composition, flexibility, leg muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness of the subjects in the training group were significantly improved after 12 weeks of exercise intervention compared with that before, and the test items of partial flexibility, leg muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness were significantly different from that of the control group. Conclusion It can effectively improve the flexibility, leg muscle strength and cardiopulmonary fitness of students with mental retardation by exercising regularly and continuously in suitable sports place.