煤尘爆炸固态产物的矿物质特性研究

Mineral features in coal dust explosion residues

利用20 L球形爆炸装置对来自老虎台和新密矿区的2种煤尘进行爆炸实验,并对其爆炸固态产物进行收集分析。采用X射线衍射技术对2个矿区的煤尘原样和爆炸固态产物的矿物质特性进行分析研究。研究发现,煤尘爆炸后,爆炸固态产物中挥发分和固定碳等有机组分较煤尘原样均明显减少,而主要由矿物质组成的灰分却明显增加;矿物质物相定性和定量分析结果表明,煤尘原样主要由高岭石、石英等常见矿物质组成;爆炸固态产物中的矿物质组成和含量均发生了明显变化,主要由稳定、耐高温的硅酸盐矿物和氧化物矿物组成;且通过对矿物质演化行为的分析认为煤尘爆炸固态产物应该是一种掺杂有部分煤尘原样颗粒的混合物,且与煤尘原样中的矿物质存在一定的转化关系。

In this study,the coal dust explosion experiments were carried out in a standard 20 L spherical explosive device using two kinds of coal dusts from mining areas of Laohutai and Xinmi.The solid residues of coal dust explosion were collected and analyzed.The mineral features of original coal dust samples and explosion residues were analyzed using the X-ray diffraction technique.The study shows that after coal dust explosion the organic components of volatile matter and fixed carbon in the residues are significantly reduced compared with the original coal dust while the ash mainly composed of minerals increases markedly.Through the further qualitative and quantitative analysis of mineral,it can be found that the original coal dust is mainly composed of kaolinite,quartz and other common minerals.As to the solid residues,the composition and content of minerals both have changed obviously after explosion.It consists primarily of silicate minerals and oxide minerals characterized with high temperature resistance and stable chemistry property.Through the analysis of the evolution behaviors of minerals,it is considered that the coal dust explosion residues are the mixtures with part of raw coal dust particles,and have a certain transformation with coal dusts.