氨水储罐的火灾和爆炸危险性分析

Hazard Analysis of Fire and Explosion in Ammonia Tank

从常压氨水储罐的气相空间中氨气的体积浓度计算入手,对浓度为10%～30%(摩尔分数)氨水的常压储罐气相空间进行了爆炸危险性分析,指出在环境温度下,氨水储罐上部气体中氨的体积浓度都有可能处于其爆炸极限之间,易形成爆炸混合物,此时应按易燃易爆的乙类和防火防爆设计氨水储罐;另外从本质安全考虑,采用氮封措施,使混合气体成为不燃烧无爆炸危险的物质。

The explosion hazard of ammonia(mol.10%~30%)tank is analyzed based on the volume concentration of ammonia in gaseous mixture above the liquid.The results show that the volume concentration of ammonia in gaseous mixture might be between the upper explosion limit and the lower explosion limit at ambient temperature,forming explosive mixture.Ammonia tank shall be designed according to Class B fire and explosion hazard.Considering intrinsic safety,nitrogen sealing measures should be taken to prevent the formation of materials with combustion and explosion hazards.