我国现行成年监护制度的反思与完善——兼评《民法总则》成年意定监护相关条款

Reflection and Perfection of the Current Adult Guardianship System in China

我国《民法总则》修订了成年监护制度,新增了意定监护和成年法定监护,补充了监护人资格的撤销等内容,确立了成年监护中尊重被监护人的真实意愿和最有利于被监护人的原则。不过,《民法总则》没有明确意定监护协议的性质、意定监护的具体实施方法,也没有明确规定意定监护监督制度,更未指明父母能否为成年人被监护人设定"意定监护",对此制度上的缺憾与不足亟需加以完善和补正。

The General Provisions of the Civil Law of China revised the adult guardianship system,and added the intended guardianship and legal guardianship of adult and supplemented the revocation of the guardian’s qualifications.Respecting the true willingness of the person under guardianship and the principle that is most conducive to the person under guardianship have also established in the system.However,The General Provisions of the Civil Law neither clearly define the nature and the specific implementation methods of the intended guardianship,nor clearly defined the intended guardianship supervision system.In addition,it does not specify whether parents can set an“intended guardianship”for the guardians of the adult,and the defects and deficiencies in this system need to be improved and corrected.