示歉性话语标记语“恕我X”的语用功能考察

A Study of the Pragmatic Functions of Apology Discourse Marker “shu wo X”

示歉性话语标记语是一种表态性的话语标记,常通过向对方表示歉意来缓和自身的冒犯,从而进一步凸显所述命题,表明自己的态度和立场。示歉性话语标记语"恕我X"随不同语境表现出不同的语用功能:在篇章建构中,有解释、总结、衔接等功能;在话语表达中,有表明说话人的情感态度等功能,具体表现为叙实、批评、质询、推测、建议、自责、缓解、夸赞、自赞等功能;在话语理解中,有引导听话人关注、凸显强调的话语内容的功能。正确认知示歉性话语标记语"恕我X"的语用功能,对于我们有效把握说话人意图,调节人际关系具有重要作用。

Apologetic discourse markers are a kind of declarative discourse markers, which usually reduce their offending or guilt by apologizing to others, thus further highlighting the propositions and expressing their attitudes and stance. The apologetic discourse marker “shu wo X” has different pragmatic functions according to different contexts. In text construction, it has the functions of explanation, summarization, cohesion and so on, and the functions of expressing the speaker’s emotion and attitude, such as narrating, criticizing, suggesting, questioning, speculating, mitigating, praising and blaming oneself. In the process of discourse comprehension, it has the function of attracting the attention of the listeners and highlighting the emphasis of the discourse content. The correct understanding of the pragmatic functions of the apologetic discourse marker “shu wo X” plays an important role in our understanding of the speaker’s intention and in regulating interpersonal relations.