浙江象山(丹城)方言的语音特点

The Phonetic Features of Zhejiang Xiangshan(Dancheng) Dialect in Wu Dialect

象山境内方言除爵溪方言岛外,基本归属于吴语太湖片甬江小片,在以宁波方言为代表的甬江小片中,语音特色比较鲜明,既具有与以宁波话为代表的吴语甬江小片的一般特点,又具有自身的特点。个性特点主要体现在:一是没有浊擦音声母[捺],保留了百年前宁波方言的特点;二是舌面高元音韵母读如舌尖化;三是部分韵摄开口三等精知章见四组字同声韵;四是古臻合三等字韵母读音特别。此外,字音的异读现象比较有特色,可以归纳为小称异读、文白异读、别义异读、词内变读四类。文章运用音韵理论描写和分析其语音特点。

In addition to Juexi dialect island in Xiangshan, the dialect of Xiangshan is basically attributed to Wu dialect in Yongjiang river, part of Taihu lake. In the small area of Yongjiang river, represented by Ningbo dialect, the phonetic features are quite distinct. The features not only have the general characteristics of Wu dialect represented by Shanghai dialect, but also have their own characteristics. Personalized characteristics are mainly reflected as follow: First, there is no voiced fricative initial consonant[Z], which retains the characteristics of Ningbo dialect hundreds of years ago;Second, the rhyme of high vowel on the tongue sounds like the tip of the tongue;Third, some rhyme of third mouth-opening degree, for example, the four words of jing zhi zhang jian have the same phonetic features;Fourth,the pronunciation of the vowel of the ancient Zhenshe Hekou sandeng is special. Furthermore, the variant pronunciation has its own characteristics, which can be summarized into four categories: diminutive readings, literary and colloquial readings,variant pronunciation for distinguishing meanings, and internal variable readings. The article describes and analyzes these phonetic features with the theory of phonology.