重庆公办养老机构市场化改革发展动态及对策研究

On Development Trend and Countermeasures of Market-Oriented Reform of Chongqing Public Pension Agencies

为了推动公办养老机构改革,提高机构活力,实现养老资源的合理有效配置,文章基于市场化发展理论,利用重庆市1424家养老机构的面板数据,并结合问卷调查及深入访谈进行分析.结果显示:由于其资源利用率低、服务保障水平不足、社会化水平较低等问题,公办(建)公营养老机构亏损占10.5%,盈利占2.9%;公办(建)民营养老机构亏损占22.9%,盈利占6.0%.为此提出,坚持"政府引导、社会参与、市场运作"原则,优化财政手段,创新运行机制,以产业化推动市场化,加强人才队伍建设,多方监督,以期推动公办养老机构市场化改革,实现公办养老机构健康发展.

In this paper, studies have been done to promote the reform of public pension institutions, to improve the vitality of institutions and to realize the rational and effective allocation of pension resources. Based on the theory of market-oriented development, panel data of 1424 old-age institutions in Chongqing have been used, combined with questionnaire survey and in-depth interview analysis. The results show that, due to their low utilization rate of resources, inadequate level of service security and low level of socialization, the public (built) public pension institutions lost money (10.5%) and Profit (2.9%);public (built) private pension institutions lost money (22.9%), Profit (6%). To this end, the article proposes to adhere to the principle of “government guidance, social participation and market operation”, optimize financial means, innovate operation mechanism, promote marketization by industrialization, strengthen the construction of talent team, and supervise all parties, so as to promote the marketization reform of public pension institutions and realize the healthy development of public pension institutions.