上海市养老机构非卧床老年人精神活力和抑郁情绪的调查分析

Investigation of Mental Vitality and Depression of the Non-bedridden Elderly in Nursing Homes in Shanghai

目的了解上海市养老机构非卧床老年人精神健康现状并分析其影响因素。方法采取方便抽样选取218例上海市养老机构非卧床老年人,应用老年抑郁量表-15、心理衰弱评估表及SF-36的"活力"和"精神健康"2个分量表等问卷对老年人进行调查。结果上海市养老机构非卧床老年人的活力得分为(62.43±18.62)分,精神健康得分为(61.67±13.88)分,心理衰弱得分为(16.78±4.52)分,58.7%的老年人存在抑郁情绪。4个量表的得分均存在相关性,且均受到睡眠质量和活动水平影响。结论上海市养老机构非卧床老人精神健康不容乐观,应重视老人睡眠状况和活动水平对精神健康的影响,采取积极措施改善老人的抑郁情绪,提升精神活力,延缓心理衰弱。

Objective To investigate the mental health status of the non-bedridden elderly in nursing homes in Shanghai and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods 218 non-bedridden elderly from the nursing homes in Shanghai were selected with convenient sampling method;Geriatric Depression Scale-15(GDS-15),Psychological Frailty Assessment Scale and 2 subscales in 36-item Short-form General Health Survey(SF-36):vitality and mental health,were applied in the questionnaire.Results The scores of vitality was(62.43±18.62),the scores of mental health was(61.67±13.88)and the scores of psychological frailty was(16.78±4.52);58.7%of the elderly had depression;there existed certain correlations among the scores of the 4 scales and sleep quality and activity degree were of certain impact on the scores.Conclusions The mental health status of the non-bedridden elderly in nursing homes in Shanghai is not optimistic;more attention should be paid to the impact of sleep quality and activity degree on mental health in the elderly and positive measures should be taken to improve the depression of the elderly so as to promote the mental vitality and to postpone the occurrence of psychological frailty.