5种鲈形目淡水鱼肌肉脂肪酸及磷脂组成的研究

Composition of fatty acids and phospholipids in five Perciformes freshwater fish muscle

为研究鲈形目淡水鱼在不同科和种间脂肪酸及磷脂组成的差异,该研究以高体革?(Scortum barcoo)、赤鲈(Perca fluviatilis)、梭鲈(Lucioperca lucioperca)、大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)和罗非鱼(Oreochromis mossambicus)为对象,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)、高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测(HPLC-ELSD)对以上5种鱼肌肉中的脂肪酸与磷脂进行了分析。结果表明,5种淡水鱼肌肉中共检测出21种脂肪酸,共有的脂肪酸有8种,分别为C_(14:0),C_(16:0),C_(18:0),C_(16:1),C_(18:1),C_(18:2),C_(20:5)和C_(22:6)。多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量丰富,PUFA含量除高体革?为26.81%之外,其他均大于35%。5种淡水鱼肌肉中共检出6种磷脂,分别为磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、鞘磷脂(SM)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)、溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)、磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)。5种鱼肌肉磷脂中PC含量最高,占据磷脂总量的45.84%～62.55%,PE和PI次之,PS和SM含量相对较少,仅占总磷脂的2.19%～5.27%和2.06%～3.65%。

In order to study the difference of fatty acid and phospholipid composition in different families and species of Perci-formes freshwater fish, we analyzed the fatty acids and phospholipids in muscles of Scortum barcoo , Perca fluviatilis , Lucioperca lu-cioperca , Micropterus salmoides and Oreochromis mossambicus by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-ELSD). Twenty-one kinds of fatty acids had been detected in those fish. Eight kinds of common fatty acids were detected (C 14:0 , C 16:0 , C 18:0 , C 16:1 , C 18:1 , C 18:2 , C 20:5 and C 22:6 ). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were rich and the content was higher than 35% except for S. barcoo (26.81%). Six kinds of phosphatidylcholine were detected in those fish, including phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylinositol (PI), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), phos-phatidylcholine (PS) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). The PC contents in those fish muscles phospholipids were the highest, accounting for 45.84%?62.55% of total phospholipid, followed by PE and PI contents. The PS and SM contents were relatively low, accounting for only 2.19%?5.27% and 2.06%?3.65% of total phospholipids.