西南喀斯特地区耕地破碎与贫困的空间耦合关系研究

Spatial Coupling Relationship Between Farmland Fragmentation and Poverty in Karst Regions of Southwest China

运用博弈论优化模型确定耕地破碎度测算指标权重,通过耦合协调度模型分析耕地破碎与贫困的耦合关系,采用空间自相关和热点分析等方法,探索两者的空间关系,划分耕地破碎与贫困的耦合类型,探讨西南喀斯特地区减贫模式.结果表明:1)研究区耕地破碎度和贫困发生率均较高,具有明显的空间集聚性,且两者空间分布相对一致,即北部地区高于南部地区;2)耕地破碎与贫困的协调度值呈正态分布,以高度协调为主,空间集聚性明显,且差异性较大,耕地破碎与贫困的空间耦合相互作用和协调程度较强;3)根据耕地破碎与贫困的耦合关系,将耦合类型划分为耕地破碎度滞后型、耕地破碎与贫困同步型和贫困滞后型3种类型,并分别提出治贫模式:土地整治模式、特色农业模式和乡村旅游助模式,统筹城乡发展,助推精准扶贫.

In a study reported herein,a game theory-based optimization model was used to determine the weights of cultivated land fragmentation indexes,and the coupling coordination degree model was used to analyze the coupling relationship between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty.Spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis were employed to explore the spatial relationship between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty and divide their coupling types.Based on the results,a discussion was made of the poverty reduction models in Karst regions of southwest China.The results showed that both cultivated land fragmentation degree and poverty incidence rate were quite high in the study area,with obvious spatial agglomeration,and the spatial distribution of the two was relatively consistent,that is,they were higher in the northern region than in the southern region.The degree of coordination between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty presented a normal distribution,with a high degree of coordination as the main factor,obvious spatial agglomeration and large difference,and strong spatial coupling interaction and coordination between cultivated land fragmentation and poverty.According to the coupling relationship between land fragmentation and poverty,three types were identified:the land fragmentation lag type,the land fragmentation synchronization type and the poverty lag type and,accordingly,three poverty alleviation models were proposed,i.e.the land consolidation model,the characteristic agricultural model and the rural tourism assistance model,so as to coordinate urban and rural development and promote targeted poverty alleviation.