再论粤语用于求证是非问的“啊”

Revisit on the a^(21) and a^(13) Used in the Confirmation Question in Cantonese

运用语调助词的概念,讨论了粤语用于求证是非问句"啊21"和"啊13"。认为"啊21"是低语调助词覆盖叠加到"啊33"上得到的变体,表达了"以说者为中心"的语义特征;语调助词可连用,"啊13"是低语调助词和高语调助词连用在"啊33"后形成的变体,同时带有了"以说者为中心",以及说话人对话轮向前展望等语义。使用相同的方法可解释粤语用于求证是非问的其他若干个语气助词的来源路径。最后梳理了粤语求证问的相关形式,指出粤语有着比普通话更丰富的语气助词,语调多变,这在求证问句里表现得比较明显。

In the light of the concept of tonal particle,a(啊)21and a13 that are used in the confirmation question(CQ)in Cantonese are revisited.a21 is the variant of a33 with the low tonal particle that can be semantically characterized as“speaker oriented”,while a13 is variant of a33 with both low tonal particle and high tonal particle,expressing“speaker oriented”and“forward looking”in a conversation setting.The other sentence final particles(SFP)such as ka21,la21,tsa21 and ka13,la13,tsa13 used in the CQ can be derived from ka33,la33,tsa33in the same way as a21and a13 derived from a33.Apart from this,we assume that Cantonese has varied intonation and a richer inventory of SFP than Mandarin via observation on the representations of CQ.