萨特的女性观及其启示

On Sartre's View of Women and Its Enlightenment

无论在西方哲学史还是文学史上,萨特和波伏娃这对伉俪都彼此欣赏、相携一生。一部《第二性》奠定了波伏娃在西方女性主义解放运动中先驱者的地位,特别是法国的存在主义女性主义。在《第二性》里,波伏娃多处直接引用萨特的思想,但作为对波伏娃思想产生巨大影响的萨特自身而言,却从未公开就妇女解放、女性主义运动发表自己的观点,这一点也困惑着波伏娃。终于在萨特晚年时期,就妇女解放这一问题,波伏娃对萨特进行了一次访谈。在这次访谈中,我们可以窥见从小的生活经历以及整个社会境遇对萨特潜存的深深的大男子主义观念的影响。女性主义运动任重而道远,女性必须要时刻反思自己的现实处境,把自己变强,勇担社会责任。

In the history of western philosophy and literature,Sartre and Beauvoir supported and admired each other.The Second Sex laid down the position of Beauvoir as a pioneer in the western feminist liberation movement,especially the existentialist feminism in France.In The Second Sex,Beauvoir quoted Sartre's thoughts directly in many ways.However,as a great influence on Beauvoir's thought,Sartre himself has never publicly talked about women's liberation and feminist movement,which puzzled Beauvoir.At last,in the late years of Sartre,on the issue of women's liberation,Beauvoir conducted an interview with Sartre.In this interview,we can see the deep influence of Sartre's early life experience and the whole social situation on Sartre's concepts of male chauvinism.The feminist movement has a long way to go,and women must always reflect on their real situation,make themselves stronger and shoulder social responsibilities.