灵丘觉山寺舍利塔壁画

On Dagoba Frescoes in Jue Shan Temple of Lingqiu

通过实地考察,发现灵丘觉山寺舍利塔内壁画多处重叠,除过南北门洞两侧的四尊菩萨和四身飞天外,其余均有不同程度的重绘、补绘。通过内容、构图、服饰和艺术风格的比较分析,认为觉山寺舍利塔壁画系辽代建塔时首绘,塔内六壁和塔柱八壁上头发呈白色,肌肤呈黑色,甲胄、珠宝、璎珞、串饰等贴金箔,肌肤用色线勾勒,色彩以赭石、朱砂、石绿为主的佛、仕女、菩萨、天王等与南北塔门两侧的四尊菩萨和塔门上方的飞天为辽代旧迹;塔内六壁、塔柱(除南北壁之外)六壁画面中央的明王及鬼众夜叉为明代重绘,塔柱南北壁为晚清咸丰九年信心弟子、民间画工闫培基补绘,门洞拱券上浓艳浮华的花纹为清代民间画工所绘。

Through the field investigation,we found that there were many overlaps on Sheri pagoda frescoes in Jue Shan Temple of Lingqiu.Except for four Bodhisattvas and four Apsaras on both sides of north and south gate holes,the rest were repainted to various degrees.By comparing and analyzing the content,composition,dress and artistic style,it is considered that the frescoes of the Sheri pagoda of the Jue Shan Temple were firstly painted in the Liao Dynasty when the pagoda was built.The hair on the six walls in the tower and the eight walls of the tower pillar is white,the skin is black,the armor,jewelry,ornaments,etc.are pasted with gold foil,and the skin is drawn with colored lines.Buddha,lady,Bodhisattva,King of Heaven and four Bodhisattvas on both sides of the north and south tower gate and Apsaras above the tower gate were painted mainly in the Liao Dynasty,colored mainly with ochre,cinnabar and stone green.The King of Ming,spirits and Yaksha in the middle of frescoes on six walls in the tower(except for north and south wall)were repainted in the Ming Dynasty.The painting on the north and south wall of tower pillars were mended by Yan Peiji,a folk painter and a follower of Buddhism,and colorful decorative pattern on the gate hole arch were painted by folk painters in the Qing Dynasty.