电动汽车用六相永磁同步容错电机设计

Design of Six-Phase Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Used in Electric Vehicle

针对传统三相永磁同步电机在发生故障下无法正常运行,设计了适用于电动汽车多相永磁同步容错电机,并分析了容错控制策略。根据电机性能指标,进行尺寸、永磁体、绕组等设计;在Maxwell有限元软件中建立仿真模型并进行分析。采用H桥拓扑电路,当电机绕组或逆变器发生短路、断路故障后,通过检测电流变化后直接切断母线上的开关,使所有故障都转换为电机缺相故障。仿真结果表明,当电机发生缺相故障后,转矩脉动增大,输出转矩减少,采用容错控制策略后,输出转矩略有减少,转矩脉动明显降低,从而验证容错控制策略的可行性以及该电机设计的合理性。

Traditional three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors are unable to operate normally under the fault.Aiming at the failure,a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous fault tolerant motor which is suitable for electric vehicle was proposed,and the fault-tolerant control strategy was also analyzed.According to the motor performance index,parameters such as the size,permanent magnet,windings and so on were designed.The simulation model was established and analyzed in Maxwell finite element software.Using H bridge topological circuit,when the motor winding or inverter has short circuit or open circuit fault,the switch on the bus was directly cut off by detecting the change of current,so that all faults were converted to motor phase fault.The simulation results show that when the phase failure occurs,the motor torque ripple increases,and the output torque is reduced.After adopting fault-tolerant control strategy,the output torque was slightly reduced and the torque ripple was significantly reduced,thus verifying the feasibility of fault-tolerant control strategy and the rationality of the designed motor.