基于高通量测序技术分析牛栏山大曲微生物多样性

Analysis of microbial diversity of Niulanshan Daqu based on high-throughput sequencing technology

为了探究牛栏山大曲的微生物菌群结构,为制曲工艺及成品曲质量评估提供理论依据,该研究采用高通量测序方法对牛栏山低温大曲原核16S rDNA V3/V4区和真核ITS1区进行微生物多样性分析。研究结果表明,从牛栏山大曲中共获得358种原核操作分类单元(OTU),乳酸菌类群是大曲中主体原核生物,维斯氏菌(Weissella confuse)、耐酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acetotolerans)和戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus)分别占大曲总OTU的22.68%、16.54%和9.84%,同时大曲中高温放线菌(Kroppenstedtia eburnea)可占14.78%;而真核多样性较低,仅获得69种OTU,扣囊覆膜酵母(Saccharomycopsis fibuligera)和库氏毕赤酵母(Pichia kudriavzevii)是主体真核微生物,其余真核微生物含量较低;综上得出,牛栏山大曲中原核微生物多样性要远高于真核微生物,且大曲主体微生物较为明显。

In order to explore the microbial flora structure of Niulanshan Daqu and provide theoretical basis for Daqu process and quality assessment, the microbial diversity of prokaryotic 16S rDNA V3/V4 and eukaryotic ITS1 of medium and low temperature Daqu was analyzed using high- throughput sequencing. The results showed that 358 prokaryotic OTUs were obtained from Niulanshan Daqu, and the lactic acid bacteria group was the main prokaryotic microorganism of Daqu. Weissella confuse, Lactobacillus acetotolerans and Pediococcus pentosaceus accounted for 22.68%, 16.54% and 9.84% of the total OTU of Daqu, respectively. At the same time, Kroppenstedtia eburnea accounted for 14.78%;while the diversity of eukaryotic microorganism was low, only 69 OTUs were obtained. Saccharomycopsis fibuligera and Pichia kudriavzevii were the main eukaryotic microorganisms, and the rest of the eukaryotic microorganism contents were low. In summary, the diversity of prokaryotic microorganisms in Niulanshan Daqu was much higher than the eukaryotic microorganisms, and the main microorganism of Daqu was obvious.