不同小麦品种对干旱锻炼响应的综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Drought Priming on Plant Tolerance in Different Wheat Cultivars

为明确不同小麦品种对干旱锻炼响应的差异,采用PEG6000模拟干旱胁迫,选取江苏、山东、河南、河北等地大面积种植的110个小麦品种进行水培试验,分析了不同小麦品种叶片相对含水量、叶面积、地上部干鲜重、根干鲜重、植株干物质积累量、根系形态、脯氨酸含量、可溶性总糖含量和蔗糖含量等14个指标的锻炼系数,通过主成分分析、聚类分析方法对这些品种的锻炼响应进行综合评价。结果表明,干旱胁迫下经锻炼处理的植株各指标总体均值大于未经锻炼处理的植株。小麦不同指标的锻炼系数存在差异,其中,可溶性糖、脯氨酸等渗透物质含量的锻炼系数较大。采用主成分分析将14个形态及生理指标综合成4个相互独立的综合指标,其累计贡献率为77.178%;根据主成分综合得分评价值进行系统聚类,可将110个小麦品种分为锻炼敏感型和锻炼不敏感型两大类,前者包括扬麦158、晋麦33、济麦22、豫麦47、洛旱11等81个品种;后者包括淮麦20、淮麦28、泗水38、苏麦188等29个品种。

In order to determine the effects of drought priming on plant tolerance,110 wheat cultivars from provinces of Jiangsu,Shandong,Henan and Hebei were used as experimental materials under drought conditions simulated by PEG 6000.Fourteen morphological and physiological indices priming coefficient(PI)were analyzed,including leaf relative water content,leaf area,shoot fresh and dry weight,root fresh and dry weight,root morphological,plant dry weight,proline content,total soluble sugar content and sucrose content.Comprehensive evaluation for wheat drought priming response was achieved through principal components analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that under drought stress the mean value of each index of the primed plants were greater than non-primed plants.And the priming coefficient among different wheat indices were different,and the priming coefficient of soluble sugar and proline were changed greatly.Meanwhile,significant correlation was found existed among different drought priming indices.Upon analysis of principal component,fourteen indices were transformed to four independent comprehensive indices,which total cumulative rate reached to77.178%.Based on the principal component comprehensive score evaluation value,110 wheat cultivarswere divided into two groups.The first category including 81 cultivars,such as Yangmai 158,Jinmai33,Jimai 22,Yumai 47 and Luohan 11 belonged to the drought priming sensitive varieties.The second category included 29 cultivars,such as Huaimai 20,Huaimai 28,Sishui 38 and Sumai 188,which belonged to the drought priming non-sensitive varieties.