唐前期政府的均输、平准职能——以粮食转运和粮价调控为中心

On Government's Function of Regulating Transportation and Stabilizing Price in the Early Tang Dynasty with Grain Transportation and Price Control as the Core

粮食转运和粮价调控是唐前期政府均输、平准职能的主要内容。唐前期,为了满足京师长安的粮食需求,政府设立专门的机构管理漕运,采取措施解决漕运问题,并多次"就食"洛阳;为使粮价处于合理的范围内,唐朝政府利用仓廪系统、市场管理等方法调控粮价。但是,经济发展状况和政治制度限制着政府职能的发挥,到玄宗时期才有改善。政府的均输、平准职能亦涉及全国其他物资。至唐朝中后期,政府的均输、平准职能随局势变化有了新的发展。

Grain transportation and price control were the government’s main tasks for regulating transportation and stabilizing price in the early Tang Dynasty.In order to meet the food demand of Chang’an,the capital city,the Tang government set up a special organization to manage water transportation,took measures to solve the problem of water transportation,and travelled to Luoyang many times for food.In order to keep the grain price within a reasonable range,the Tang government used warehouse system,market management and other methods to control the grain price.However,the economic development and the political system restricted the government’s function,and didn’t improve until Xuanzong period.The government regulated transportation and stabilized price in other materials.By the middle and late Tang Dynasty,the government witnessed new development in its function of regulating transportation and stabilizing price with the changes of the situation.