构想与实践:沈云沛“实业救国”的生态农业观

Conception and Practice: Shen Yunpei's Eco-agricultural Outlook on Saving the Nation with Industry

沈云沛是中国近代实业家、教育家,他坚持"实业救国",历经40年艰苦创业,兴办各类实业36个。他从改革农业入手,创建"犁户制";改革分配方式,"以工代赈"方式开渠"斥卤";改良土壤,建立海赣垦牧公司;治农海上,是我国苏北沿海滩涂开发的"拓荒者"。在农业改革实践中,沈云沛遵循自然规律,因地制宜,构建了一种超越时代认知的先进的生态农业模式。其所倡导的"物尽其用"和"人与自然和谐共生"的农业生态观,贯穿于"实业救国"之始终,产生了巨大的生态效益和社会效益,对当今农业发展与改革亦有诸多借鉴作用。

Shen Yunpei,an industrialist and educator in modern China,strongly advocated the concept of“saving the nation with industry”.He estabished 36 industries of various kinds after 40 years of arduous work.Shen began his reform with agriculture,creating the system of“ploughing family”-the family having their say in deciding the number of ploughs to be contracted.He contributed to the innovation of the distribution mode and constructed the canal“Chilu”by providing jobs as a form of relief.He was a pioneer in the development of coastal mudflats in northern Jiangsu Province through improving soil in coastal areas and establishing Haigan Reclamation and Grazing Company.In the practice of agricultural reform,Shen followed the laws of nature and adapted to local conditions to construct an advanced eco-agricultural model beyond the cognition of the times.The eco-agricultural concept of“making the best use of everything”and“harmonious coexistence between man and nature”advocated by him ran through the whole process of“saving the nation with industry”,resulting in immeasurable biological and social benefits,which provides reference for the development and reform of agriculture at present.