闽南-台湾浅滩白姑鱼渔业生物学特性研究

Study on fishery biological characteristics of Argyrosomus argentatus in Minnan-Taiwan Bank Fishing Ground

利用2017年8月—2018年4月采集单船底层拖网调查的白姑鱼渔业生物学数据,研究了闽南-台湾浅滩渔场白姑鱼体长组成、体质量组成、体长与体质量关系、性比、性腺成熟度和摄食等级等渔业生物学特性。结果表明,白姑鱼体长范围为45～202 mm,优势体长组为120～150 mm,占总数48. 4%;体质量范围为2. 0～219. 0 g,优势体质量组为40. 0～70. 0 g,占总数43. 0%。各月份之间体长均值和分布均存在显著性差异(F=25. 161,P <0. 05);体长与体质量关系为W=2. 560×10-5L2. 971 7(R2=0. 983 8);雌雄性比为2. 16∶1,性腺成熟度以Ⅱ期为主,占86. 32%,未发现有Ⅴ期及以上样本;摄食等级以0～1级为主,占样本总数71. 11%,各月份摄食等级也存在显著性差异(F=10. 346,P <0. 05)。本次调查白姑鱼达到可捕体长的仅占16. 1%,说明拖网作业对幼鱼的损害比较严重。为持续利用白姑鱼资源,建议加强生殖群体和幼鱼群体的保护。

The fisheries biology characteristics of Argyrosomus argentatus ,including the size composition,weight composition,relationship of body length and weight,sex ratio,gonadal maturity and feeding intensity were analyzed based on the data collected from August 2017 to April 2018 in Minnan-Taiwan Bank Fishing Ground.The results showed that the body length ranged between 45 and 202 mm,and the dominant standard length ranged between 120 and 150 mm occupied 48.4% of total samples.The body weight ranged between 2.0 and 219.0 mm,while the dominant weight group ranged between 40.0 and 70.0 g occupied 43.0% of total samples.The mean length and length distribution of each month both had significant differences(F=25.161, P <0.05).The relationship between standard length and body weight was fitted by the power exponential function W=2.560×10^-5 L 2.971 7 (R^2 =0.983 8).The sex ratio was 2.16∶ 1.The dominanted gonad stage was maturity Ⅱ phase which took up 86.32%.Maturity at V phase or above was not found.The feeding intensities were dominated by grade 0 and grade 1,which occupied 71.11% of total samples.The feeding intensity of each month also had significant differences(F=10.346, P <0.05).Only 16.1% of samples reached the minimum capture size,which reflected great damage to juveniles.Measures for the protection of reproductive stock and juveniles of A.argentatus should be taken in order to achieve continuous use of the resource.