大鼠慢性进行性肾病的病理学特点

Pathological characteristics of chronic progressive nephropathy in rats

目的为大鼠慢性进行性肾病(chronic progressive nephropathy,CPN)的发病和相关的病理学研究积累资料。方法进口SD大鼠60只、国产SD大鼠120只、国产Wistar大鼠240只,分别给予进口饲料和国产饲料,持续饲养104周后剖杀,采集大鼠肾并进行常规制片,HE和特殊染色后,显微镜观察组织形态改变,总结和比较不同品系、不同性别、不同饲料喂养的大鼠CPN的发生率和病变特点。结果肾小球毛细血管基底膜和系膜增生及节段硬化为CPN发病的先发病变,肾小管上皮的变性和再生以及间肾质纤维化是继发性改变;CPN的总发病率为31.87%,其中雄性大鼠的发生率为48.54%,雌性大鼠的发生率为15.12%;Wistar大鼠CPN的发生率高于SD大鼠;进口SD大鼠CPN发病率高于国产SD大鼠;用蛋白含量高的饲料喂养大鼠CPN的发生率高于蛋白含量低的饲料喂养的大鼠。结论肾小球病变在先,导致肾小管出现继发性改变。CPN有较高的发病率,性别和品系之间有差异,饲料蛋白含量不同CPN发生率有差异。

Objective To observe the incidence and pathological characteristics of chronic progressive nephropathy(CPN) in rats and to accumulate valuable data for the study of rat CPN. Methods Sixty imported SD rats, 120 domestic SD rats and 120 domestic Wistar rats were fed imported food, another 120 domestic Wistar rats were fed domestic food. The animals were euthanized after feeding for 104 weeks. The kidneys were collected for conventional histopathological examination. The incidence and pathological characteristics of CPN were observed in relation to different rat strains, genders and foods. Results Glomerular basement membrane and mesangial hyperplasia with segmental sclerosis were the first lesions of CPN, while basophilic changes(degeneration and regeneration) of the renal tubular epithelium with renal interstitial fibrosis were secondary changes. The total incidence rate of CPN was 31.87%, with 48.5% in male rats and 15.1% in female rats. The CPN incidence rate in Wistar rats was higher than in SD rats. The CPN incidence rate in imported SD rats was higher than in domestic SD rats. The CPN incidence rate was higher in rats fed with a higher protein level than a lower protein level. Conclusions Glomerular changes occur first, leading to secondary tubular changes. There is a high incidence rate of CPN in rats, and there are differences in incidence with gender, strain and fodder.