基于装配机械弹性车轮的车辆平顺性的油气悬架优化研究

Optimal Research of Hydro-pneumatic Suspension Based on Ride Comfort of Vehicle on Mechanical Elastic Wheels

为优化装配大径向刚度机械弹性车轮的越野车行驶平顺性,使用一种装配单筒式油气弹簧的悬架,并利用量子遗传算法对其参数进行优化。在Matlab中首先建立了数学模型描述单筒式油气弹簧的刚度与阻尼特性,探讨了油气弹簧各参数对其性能的影响,并从中选取目标参数。之后建立了包含机械弹性车轮的4自由度半车模型,确定平顺性评价指标,使用量子遗传算法在C级路面白噪声输入下对其进行优化,通过多次计算进行对比,并在不同环境下验证了优化效果。结果表明:量子遗传算法能有效逼近最优值,算法具有较好的稳定性,优化后越野车的平顺性得到了提高。

To improve the ride comfort of off-road vehicles assembled with large-radial-stiffness mechanical elastic wheels,a single-cylinder hydro-pneumatic spring was used,with its parameters optimized by quantum genetic algorithm.Firstly,a mathematical model of the hydro-pneumatic spring was built in Matlab to express the characteristics of its stiffness and damping,and the influences of parameters of the spring on the characteristics were discussed.Then a four-degree-of-freedom half car containing mechanical elastic wheels was modeled and the evaluating indicators of the ride comfort was chosen.Finally,a quantum genetic algorithm was used to optimize the suspension under C-class road surface,and several optimal results were compared,and the effect under different environment were verified.The solutions show that using the quantum genetic algorithm can effectively approach the best value and this algorithm is stable.The ride comfort of off-road vehicles has been promoted after optimization.