车辆行人事故碰撞速度重建技术研究

Study on Vehicle Collision Speed Reconstruction for Vehicle/Pedestrian Accidents

车辆行人事故碰撞速度重建仍存在较大不确定性,通过典型的人车事故案例对传统车速重建方法进行验证,并提出一种新的车速重建方法。采集27例具有事故数据记录器(event data recorder,EDR)数据的案例对抛距法计算精度进行验证,分析碰撞速度重建的影响因素,并建立碰撞速度与影响因素的线性回归方程。结果表明:抛距法相对误差最大值为36.7%,最小值为1. 5%,平均相对误差为7. 1%; WRR值与碰撞速度具有正相关性,随碰撞速度增加WRR值增加;在相同的碰撞速度下,发动机罩前缘高度较高的车型导致的WRR值更低;WRR值和发动机罩前缘高度是碰撞速度重建的重要参数。指出行人抛距法计算精度不高,建立的基于WRR值和发动机前缘高度的车辆行驶速度计算方法,将成为制动痕迹和行人抛距缺失情况下车速重建方法的重要补充。

The vehicle velocity collision reconstruction for pedestrian/accidents is still uncertain,the traditional speed reconstruction method is validated by typical cases of pedestrian and vehicle,and a new speed reconstruction method is proposed.27 cases with Event Data Recorder data were collected to verify the method of throw distance accuracy,and the influencing factors of collision velocity reconstruction were analyzed.The regression equation between influencing factors and collision speed was established.The relative error of throwing distance method is from 1.5%to 36.7%,and the average is 7.1%.The WRR value has a positive correlation with the collision velocity,and the WRR value increases with the collision velocity.Under the same collision speed,the WRR value of the vehicle with higher bonnet leading edge height is lower;WRR value and bonnet leading edge height are important parameters for collision speed reconstruction.Conclusion:The calculation accuracy of pedestrian throw distance method is not well and the established vehicle collision speed reconstruction method based on WRR value and bonnet leading edge height,which will be an important supplement to the traditional method,especially when the Braking Tracks and throw distance is absent.