天然草药——癌症治疗中的潜在自噬诱导剂

Natural herbs,potential autophagy inducers in cancer therapy

自噬是一种维持细胞内稳态的重要代谢过程。近年来研究发现,自噬与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,参与调控肿瘤的形成、增殖、转移以及能量代谢等过程。并且自噬在肿瘤的发生发展中发挥着不同的作用,它能抑制早期肿瘤的生成,促进晚期肿瘤的发展。目前,自噬已成为肿瘤药物靶向研究中的一个新热点。许多草药,包括中草药,已作为现行药物的补充和替代药物、保健品和营养品,以减轻癌症治疗中化疗药物的毒副反应。此外,许多草药及天然产物均可通过诱导自噬,进而导致细胞衰老、凋亡非依赖性细胞死亡途径或补体介导的细胞凋亡途径的激活,最终发挥着抗肿瘤作用。据此,本文将回顾分析天然自噬诱导剂在癌症治疗中的潜在作用机制。同时,我们着重探讨白藜芦醇、姜黄素和16-羟基克罗烷-3,13-二烯-15,16-内酯这三种天然化合物作为候选自噬诱导剂在癌症治疗中的研究进展,旨在为研发靶向自噬的新型抗肿瘤药物提供方向。

Autophagy is an important metabolic process that maintains the intracellular homeostasis.The recent studies showed that autophagy is closely related to tumorigenesis and development.It participates in the regulation of tumor formation,proliferation,metastasis and energy metabolism.Autophagy plays a different role in the tumorigenesis and development.Autophagy can inhibit early cancer development,while promoting advanced tumor progress.In recent years,autophagy has become a popular drug targeting field.Many herbs,including Chinese herbs,dampened the side effects of chemotherapy drugs in cancer treatment,which have been used as complementary and alternative medicines,nutraceuticals,or supplements.Additionally,the role of natural products in autophagy regulation was further explored,and it has been found that tumor suppressive actions of natural product-induced autophagy may lead to cell senescence,provoke apoptosis-independent cell death or complement apoptotic processes.Hereby,this article will review the potential mechanisms of autophagy inducers in cancer treatment.At the same time,the three natural compounds-resveratrol,curcumin,16-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide,are presented as candidates for autophagy inducers,and we further explored the effects of these representative natural compounds in cancer therapy to provide a new direction for anticancer drugs development.