功名情结视野下的才子佳人小说模式化叙事

On the Pattern of Narrative of the Novels about Genius and Beauty from the Author's Fame Complex

从"知人论世"的角度可发现,明末清初才子佳人小说的模式化叙事与作者功名情结实为一对表里关系。作者功名情结在失意境遇下具体催生出抒愤和自慰两种创作心态,前者主要以才高命舛的才子形象为载体,后者则表现为才子佳人之间才才相宜的知己爱情。对于才子或者作者而言,美丽爱情终究只是自我肯定和慰藉的另类"功名"。因此从叙事功能看,小人拨乱情节恰是保证才子们能够重返科场以证明自己真才实学的契机;而奉旨成婚就成为他们才学和功名的最权威认证。总之,在科场—情场—科场的人生场景的转化中,才子们爱情的赢得和维护只是故事表层,背后真正起到推动作用的依然是作者们根深蒂固的功名情结和富贵本愿,这也正是小说模式化叙事形成的内在动因。

From the viewpoint of knowing the world,we realize that the pattern of narrative of the Novels about Genius and Beauty in The Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasty was the exterior-interior relationship with the author’s fame complex.Under frustrated circumstances,the author’s fame complex had hastened two mentalities to express indignation and to find consolation,the form was shown in the fallen talents,and the latter in“confidant’s love”.For the genius or the authors,the beautiful love was just a alternative fame which proved their talents.From the narration effect,the plot of low character making trouble had ensured that the genius could return to examination hall to prove their talents,and the marriage under the emperor’s orders was the most authoritative certification of their real learning.Anyway,in the scenario transformation between The Imperial Examination and the arena of love,the pursuit of love was the surface of story telling,and the fundamental motivation was the author’s fame complex which had formed the pattern of narrative.