1990年代以来日本学界明治维新史研究动向

Trends in the Study of Meiji Restoration History in Japanese Academic Circles since the 1990s

1990年代以来,日本学界在明治维新史研究方面呈现了一些新的动向。研究对象范围扩大,先前较少被关注的政治势力开始进入研究视野,以倒幕势力之外的各势力为研究对象的成果激增。幕末史成为近年来研究热点。地域史研究取得长足发展,地域史所积累的资料、研究成果广泛应用于明治维新史研究中。实证研究成为主流,各领域研究进一步深化、细化。在实证研究基础上,伴随史观的转变及受西方史学前沿理论影响等,研究视角、理论方法呈现多元化趋势。实证研究的发展带来研究繁荣的同时,也显示了碎片化的倾向,庞大的研究积累、去意识形态化和避免探讨事物性质等使总体把握明治维新变得异常困难。

Since the 1990s,the Japanese academic community has presented some new trends in the study of Meiji restoration history.The scope of research objects has expanded,and the political forces previously less concerned have begun to enter the research field.The end of the Edo Period has become a research hotspot in recent years.Regional history research has made great progress,and the accumulated data and research results in regional history are widely used in the study of the Meiji Restoration History.Empirical research has become the mainstream,and research in various fields has been further deepened and refined.On the basis of empirical research,with the change of historical outlook and the influence of the frontier theories of Western historiography,the research perspectives and methods are diversified.While the development of empirical research has brought about the prosperity of research,it also shows the tendency of fragmentation.The huge accumulation of research,ideological removal and avoidance of discussing the nature of things make it extremely difficult to grasp the Meiji Restoration as a whole.