战国时期燕国农耕技术论析

Analysis of Farming Technology in Yan State During the Warring States Period

燕国铁农具出现于春秋,普及于战国,无论是制造技术还是普及程度均位于诸侯国前列,甚至在某些方面成为翘楚。燕国水资源丰富,注重水井的挖掘与利用,并使用了井上汲水工具"桔槔"。燕国已推行"垄作耕法"和"粪田"等。战国燕国农耕技术的发展,促进了粮食的增产,亩产至少在100斤以上,极可能略低于魏,与齐相近。燕国先进的耕作技术推动了农业的大发展,堪与中原大国媲美。

Iron farm tools of theYan State appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and became popular in the Warring States Period,whose manufacturing technology and popularity were among the highest in the vassal states and even took the lead in some respects.The Yan State was rich in water resources and paid attention to the excavation and utilization of water wells by using the water pumping tool“shadoof”.The Yan State introduced“the raised bed tillage”and“dung fields”and so on.The development of farming technology in Yan State in the Warring States Period promoted the increase of grain production,with an average yield of at least 100kg per mu,probably slightly lower than that of Wei and close to Qi.The advanced farming technology of the Yan State enhanced the development of agriculture,comparable to that of the central plains.