清代直隶烟草经济研究

Research on Tobacco Economy of Zhili Province in Qing Dynasty

烟草原产美洲,明末清初传入直隶,而后迅速在省内广泛传播,全省先后皆有种植,随之产生较发达的烟草加工业。清代直隶烟草业以昌平、易州、雄县等地较为发达,烟草总产量较高,然由于北京市场的存在,直隶所产烟草多为供应北京消费,另又需从山东、东北等地区大量输入。本文使用地方志、笔记、税关、档案等文献资料,探讨清代直隶烟草经济发展的传入、种植、加工、流通等问题。

Tobacco,originated in America,was introduced into the Zhili Province in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and then widely was spread throughout the province.The whole province planted tobacco successively,resulting in a rather developed tobacco processing industry.The tobacco industry was highly developed in Changping,Yizhou and Xiongxian of the Zhili Province with a high total tobacco output.Due to the existence of the Beijing market,most of the tobacco produced in Zhili Province was supplied to Beijing and large quantities of tobacco were needed to be imported from Shandong and northeast regions.This paper,by use of local chronicles,notes,tax clearance,archives and other documents,discusses the introduction,planting,processing and circulation of tobacco economic development in Zhili Province in the Qing Dynasty.