小“官”巨贪:近代乌鲁木齐地区斗级研究

Grand Corruption of Petty Officials : Study on Douji of Urumqi in Modern Times

斗级作为历史上主管官仓的重要役吏,在催收田赋、粮食入库验收及粮食出库等方面发挥着主要作用。但他们在行使职能的同时,通过种种手段与方式大肆进行贪腐,不仅造成了国家财税的流失,而且增加了民众的浮费,使民众负担日重。从长时段来看,他们的贪腐数额惊人,亦属于小官巨贪的范畴。本文利用历史文献史料,结合笔者的田野调查访谈,以近代乌鲁木齐地区的斗级为切入点,论述了斗级的设置、职能和斗级贪腐的具体情况。

“Douji”,as an important official in charge of granary in history,played a major role in collecting land tax,checking and accepting grain storage and grain delivery.However,while exercising their functions,Douji wantonly engaged in corruption through various means and methods,not only resulting in losses of the state’s fiscal and taxation,but also the unnecessary expense increases of the public,which made the burden on the public heavier.From a long period of time,the amount of those officials’corruption was alarming,constituting the practice of petty officials embezzling a huge sum of money.Based on historical documents and interviews,this paper discusses the setting,functions,and corruption of Douji of Urumqi in modern times.