近代潮州柑的种植与贸易(1840～1949)

On Cultivation and Trade of Chaozhou Citrus in Modern China(1840-1949)

潮汕地区优越的自然环境及气候,形成了发达的柑橘种植业经济,潮州柑贸易一度发展迅速。但之后由于受战乱、病虫害和自然灾害等因素的影响,潮州柑产量锐减,海内外贸易一度出现衰落。为此地方政府出台了禁止柑苗出口、降低潮州柑出口关税等扶持措施,恢复了潮州柑在国内外市场上的竞争力。近代潮州柑贸易的兴盛与衰落,反映出中国向现代化转型的艰辛过程。

The superior natural environment and climate in Chaoshan region contributed to the developed economy of citrus growing industry.Inflicted by the war,diseases and pests,natural disasters and other factors,the production of Chaozhou citrus and trade at home and aboard declined sharply in modern China.Local government took such supportive measures as banning export of Chaozhou orange seedlings,and reducing export tariff of the citrus to restore the competitiveness of Chaozhou citrus in international market.The prosperity and decline of the Chaozhou citrus trade in modern China reflected the arduous process of China's transition to modernization.