氘重氧水液相催化交换法氢正常化工艺研究

Study on the Process of Hydrogen Normalization for Deuterium Oxide-^(18)O Water by the Liquid-Phase Catalytic Exchange

液相催化交换法是有效的氢同位素分离方法之一,传统电解法进行氘重氧水氢正常化安全风险大,生产成本高,为此利用液相催化交换法对含氘重氧水进行除氘实验。结果表明,反应温度在30～70℃内,随着温度升高,含氘重氧水除氘过程的总体积传质系数(Kya)值先变大后变小,当温度大于60℃后,总体积传质系数Kya值逐渐变小,最优反应温度为60℃;气液比(摩尔比)在0.5～3.0之间,随着气液比增加,含氘重氧水除氘过程的Kya值愈大,含氘重氧水除氘效果越好,但过大的气液比会引起气液夹带甚至导致液泛,降低反应效率。实验结果可为开展高氘浓度氘重氧水液相催化交换法氢正常化工艺研究提供依据。

Liquid-phase catalytic exchange is one of the effective hydrogen isotope separation methods. The conventional electrolysis method to normalize deuterium heavy oxygen has high safety risk and production cost . This work uses liquid-phase catalytic exchange method to carry out a research on the deuterium-removing experiment of deuterium oxide- 18 O water. The results show that the total volumetric mass transfer coefficient Kya value of the process of deuterium-removing of deuterium oxide- 18 O water firstly becomes larger and then becomes smaller with the increase of temperature,when the reaction temperature is between 30 ℃ and 70 ℃. When the temperature is over 60 ℃, the total volumetric mass transfer coefficient Kya value becomes smaller, the optimal reaction temperature is 60 ℃. The gas-laquid ratio (molar ratio) is between 0.5 and 3.0. With the increase of gas-liquid ratio, the Kya becomes larger,the effect of the process of deuterium-removing of deuterium oxide- 18 O water is better. But the excessive gas-liquid ratio can cause gas-liquid entrainment and even lead to flooding, which greatly reduces the reaction efficiency.