发展阶段如何影响产业政策:基于中国太阳能产业的案例研究

How Does Development Stage Constrain Industrial Policy? Two Cases Studies from China's Solar Energy Industry

国内针对产业政策的讨论,随着时间进展越发深入,相关研究已从政策"是否有效"转而探索"有效条件"为何。论文通过中国太阳能产业的发展经验,说明传统"产业政策"的优势与局限,希望藉此论证"发展阶段"将如何制约"政策成效",进而有助厘清"政府何时介入?何时退出?"的问题。因此,论文研究重点不在太阳能产业的起伏成败,而在先揭橥"发展阶段"的理论假说后,通过太阳能产业两家标志性企业的案例研究,说明政府扶持作为为何有助于"扩大产能",而无益于"孕育创新"?政府政策与产业发展间的作用机制又为何?换言之,文章希望藉此研究,一则强化所提出的"阶段解释"理论假说,再则超越目前学界的笼统论证,帮助厘清在成功走过"中国制造"、进而迈向"中国创造"的过程中,决策者应该如何调整国家的发展策略。

Why does Industrial policy work at some times but not at others?This paper highlights both the strengths and limitations of industrial policy to promote innovation using two cases from China's PV industry.Policies meant to favor the domestic PV industry instead affected its development in unintended ways.As this paper demonstrates,these policies successfully expanded the scale of the PV sector but failed to encourage the innovation.Based on this study's empirical findings,the theoretical implications of the study suggest a sector's development stage will constrain the effectiveness of industrial policy.China should employ a new strategy for industrial growth.