血清NGAL在糖尿病肾病中的研究进展

Research progress of serum NGAL in diabetic nephropathy

糖尿病(diabetesmellitus,DM)已成为危害人类健康的主要疾病之一。糖尿病肾病(diabeticnephropathy,DN)是糖尿病最重要的微血管并发症之一,并且是终末期肾病的常见原因。微量白蛋白尿水平的变化长期以来被认为是DN发展的标志,但一些糖尿病患者发生肾脏病理改变,而微量白蛋白尿在正常范围。这表明微量白蛋白尿不是早期发现DN理想的指标。国内外研究表明,血清中性粒细胞明胶酶相关载脂蛋白(serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated apolipoprotein,sNGAL)与DN的发生发展密切相关,在微量白蛋白尿出现之前可以检测到sNGAL水平的增加,比微量白蛋白尿更敏感和特异。因此,sNGAL有望成为诊断早期DN新的生物学标志物。

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become one of the major diseases that endanger human health. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most main microvascular complications of diabetes and is a common cause of end-stage renal disease. Change in microalbuminuria level has long been considered a hallmark of DN development, but some diabetic patients have renal pathological changes, while microalbuminuria is in the normal range. This suggests that microalbuminuria is not an ideal indicator for early detection of DN. Studies at home and abroad have shown that serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated apolipoprotein (sNGAL) is closely related to the development of DN, sNGAL can be detected before the appearance of microalbuminuria and is more sensitive and specific than microalbuminuria. Therefore, sNGAL is expected to become a new biomarker for the diagnosis of early DN.